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On February 2nd, the traffic control department of Beijing released the traffic forecast and travel tips for next week: Near the Spring Festival, the passenger station will usher in the peak of passenger flow and traffic flow; The road traffic pressure in the late peak city is outstanding; Sunday is an unlimited working day, and the peak of New Year’s Eve on February 9 will be advanced; When the large-scale event is over, the traffic around the road is concentrated for a short time. (Beijing Traffic Management Bureau)

What abilities do adult self-study exams need? Self-study examination is one of the important ways to improve academic qualifications. In the era when academic qualifications are valued, especially for newly graduated students or young people who have just entered the workplace, the recruitment requirements of units and enterprises will clearly state the requirements for academic qualifications. The purpose of self-study exam to improve academic qualifications is to obtain an academic qualification. If you want to pass the exam smoothly, you must know some common questions about self-study exam in advance. The following small series answers the relevant information about the self-study exam for everyone, hoping to help everyone!

If you have any questions about the self-study exam, don’t know how to choose the main college and major, and don’t know the local policy of self-study exam, click to learn now > >

Need the ability to learn, keep learning, but also need the ability to persist in learning, the ability to take exams, and have a persistent attitude towards learning. Learn to use modern information technology for self-study. This will also help to cultivate the ability of self-creation and brain thinking. In the information society, people’s living and working environment is changing faster and faster, and they need to face the emerging new knowledge and technology. Only by cultivating self-study consciousness and learning to learn can we catch up with the fast pace of contemporary life and work.

Everyone can also find many unique ways to improve their learning efficiency during their own study. Mastering scientific learning methods is the only way to improve the possibility of success in college entrance examination, and it is also one of the realistic learning tasks of candidates.

Only when the mastery of relevant knowledge has reached a comprehensive level can we extract a summary of relevant knowledge. There are many learning methods that are helpful to save learning time and improve learning efficiency, such as associative memory method and practice according to memory rules.

It also needs to have a strong learning motivation and a clear learning purpose, but whether it can maintain the resulting learning motivation in the learning process for several years is the key to determine its success or failure. Spiritual adult students who take the initiative to explore should be able to determine how much time to invest in their studies, make their own study plans, and choose and gradually adapt to a learning method.

Self-study exams are mainly based on self-study. Self-study exams are divided into social self-study exams and student-assisted self-study exams (also called applied self-study exams in some cities). Social self-study exams are mainly based on self-study, and institutions can help to understand learning knowledge. Self-taught examination for student assistance is carried out by some colleges and universities, and social assistance forces are combined to provide better services for candidates. Compared with social self-taught examination, it is less difficult, with higher passing rate and faster graduation. The so-called reliable, self-taught degree is the best recognition and the highest gold content in all adult education, but the self-taught degree is relatively the most difficult.

The above is related to the self-study exam, and candidates can use it as a reference, which is subject to the official announcement! Candidates who want to get more information about the self-taught examination, such as the registration time, examination time, application conditions, preparation knowledge and related news, please pay attention to the online self-taught examination channel of China Education.

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If you have any questions about the self-study exam, don’t know how to choose the main examination institution and major, and don’t know the local policy of self-study exam, click to learn now > >

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In April, 2024, all provinces registered for self-study exams in official website.

Summary of Registration Time and Entrance of Self-taught Exams in April 2024 by Provinces

　　Buying a house and renting a house, the intermediary helps. In recent years, with the second-hand housing market and housing rental market warming up, the real estate intermediary industry has also achieved rapid development, which has played a positive role in activating the market and promoting transactions. However, many problems such as publishing false houses, concealing real information, forcing agency fees, embezzling or misappropriating transaction funds, engaging in financial business in violation of regulations, fabricating and spreading price increase information are also constantly fermenting in the intermediary market.

　　In response to these problems, seven departments, including the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, recently jointly issued the Opinions on Strengthening the Management of Real Estate Intermediaries to Promote the Healthy Development of the Industry, and put forward 16 policy measures from three aspects: standardizing the intermediary service behavior, improving the industry management system, and strengthening the supervision of the intermediary market, so as to constantly standardize the order of the real estate intermediary market.

　　Ensure that the listing information is true and the fees will be more standardized and transparent.

　　At present, in order to attract customers, attract business and improve income, some intermediaries hide "tricky" in their operations: some publish false information about houses or houses that have been sold, some maliciously bid down prices, some conceal information about mortgages, and some have problems such as irregular and opaque fees.

　　In order to make the intermediary business behavior more standardized, the Opinions made the following provisions on the system design:

　　Implement the verification system of housing information. Before releasing the listing information, the intermediary should verify the listing information with the consent of the client to ensure that the published listing is real and can be traded.

　　Prepare a statement of housing conditions. Intermediary release of housing information to prepare a housing situation statement, indicating the verification of housing information, real estate intermediary service contract number, housing location, area, property rights, listing price, property service fees, housing pictures, and other important matters that should be explained.

　　Strengthen the release management of housing information. The same listing information released by the intermediary in different channels such as stores and websites shall be consistent, and the listing information without written authorization of the property owner shall not be released, and the information that affects the housing transaction such as mortgage shall not be concealed.

　　The information of traded houses should be removed in time. For houses that have been sold or rented, the intermediary agencies that facilitated the transaction should remove the listing information from the distribution channels such as stores and websites within two working days from the date of signing the house sale or lease contract; For the house that the client has cancelled the entrustment, the intermediary agency shall remove the housing information from various channels within two working days.

　　In order to regulate the fees charged by intermediaries, the Opinions put forward measures such as clearly marking the price, voluntary choice of agency services by the parties and strengthening supervision. Intermediaries should identify all service items, service contents, charging methods and charging standards in a prominent position in the business premises, and all services must be priced separately; To provide services such as property right transfer and loan on behalf of the client, the client shall choose voluntarily and stipulate in the real estate intermediary service contract; Give full play to the role of 12358 price supervision platform.

　　Ensure transaction security and standardize financial business cooperation and tax payment.

　　Buying and selling houses involves real money, and safe transactions are the most important. No one wants to encounter such bad worries as "one room and two sales" and "running away with money"

　　In order to ensure the safety of housing transactions and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties to the transaction, the Opinions put forward four measures: standardizing intermediary agencies to undertake business, and intermediaries may not provide intermediary services for affordable housing that does not meet the trading conditions and houses that are prohibited from trading; Standardize the signing of intermediary service contracts. When accepting business entrustment, intermediaries should sign written real estate intermediary service contracts with clients and file them for future reference; To implement the online signing system of transaction contracts, all localities should fully implement online signing of transaction contracts. If a house has completed online signing, it cannot be signed again; To implement the supervision system of transaction funds, all localities should establish and improve the supervision system of transaction funds of stock houses. Intermediaries and their employees shall not collect and pay transaction funds through accounts other than supervision accounts, and shall not occupy or misappropriate transaction funds.

　　In recent years, in order to meet people’s demand for housing loans, many intermediaries have established business cooperation with financial institutions. However, in practice, there have also been problems such as intermediary designating financial institutions, bundling services, illegal provision or cooperation with other institutions to provide down payment loans.

　　In this regard, the "Opinions" stipulate that if an intermediary agency provides housing loan agency services, the client shall choose the financial institution independently and shall not bundle financial services with other services; Intermediaries shall not provide or cooperate with other institutions to provide illegal financial products and services such as down payment loans, and shall not charge financial institutions or charge fees such as rebates in disguise; Financial institutions may not cooperate with intermediaries that have not been filed with the real estate authorities to provide financial services.

　　In addition, in order to standardize the tax payment behavior of intermediaries to assist the parties and avoid problems such as concealing the real transaction price and evading taxes and fees, the Opinions require intermediaries and employees to truthfully inform the parties about tax regulations and preferential policies and assist them to pay taxes in good faith according to law; It is not allowed to induce, instigate or assist the parties to a transaction to sign a contract with different transaction prices for the same house, that is, the so-called "yin-yang contract", and quote a lower transaction price; Shall not help or instigate the parties to the transaction to forge false certificates to defraud tax incentives; Do not resell the tax reservation number.

　　Intermediary institutions to implement filing and list publicity, intermediaries must be real names.

　　For a long time, the threshold of intermediary institutions is low, and the fish and dragons are mixed. Some engage in intermediary business without filing, and are outside the supervision; Intermediary practitioners also have the characteristics of high mobility and low overall quality.

　　The "Opinions" clarify that the filing system and the list publicity system should be implemented for intermediaries: First, the filing system should be strictly implemented, and intermediaries and their branches should be filed with the real estate authorities in accordance with regulations. Institutions that provide services through the Internet should not only go to the provincial communications authorities where the institutions are located, but also go to the real estate authorities in cities and counties where the services are covered. The second is to implement the publicity system for the list of intermediaries. Local real estate, communications, and industrial and commercial administrative departments establish a linkage mechanism to exchange information regularly, and publicize the list of intermediaries that have been filed and not filed through government websites and other channels to remind the masses to carefully choose intermediaries.

　　In order to strengthen the management of intermediary employees, the Opinions also clarify the following points: if intermediary employees publish housing information on websites and other channels, they should publish it with their real names, and they should wear work cards indicating their names, organization names, national professional qualifications and other information when serving; City and county real estate departments should register the real names of intermediaries; Implement the professional qualification system for real estate brokers.

　　Those who keep their promises will be smooth all the way, and those who break their promises will be unable to move.

　　Effective supervision depends on institutional innovation. In the future, we will strengthen the construction of industry credit system and build a new supervision system with credit as the core.

　　According to the Opinions, the relevant departments of cities and counties should speed up the construction of a credit management platform for the real estate intermediary industry, record the basic information, good behaviors and bad behaviors of intermediaries and employees in the credit management platform in a timely manner, and publicize them to the public. The national credit management platform will also be gradually established and incorporated into the national social credit system.

　　In the future, honest and trustworthy intermediaries and employees will enjoy convenient and fast services when handling housing verification, contract online signing, loan agency and tax-related business; Relevant departments will optimize the inspection frequency in daily inspection and special inspection; When choosing an intermediary to operate and manage public rental housing invested by the government, all localities will give priority to honest intermediaries.

　　For intermediaries and employees who violate laws and regulations, the relevant departments will take joint disciplinary measures against serious dishonesty through information sharing, and list the subject of serious dishonesty as the key supervision object, restricting them from engaging in various real estate intermediary services; The illegal decisions and "blacklists" made by intermediaries will be publicized according to law through the enterprise credit information publicity system; For serious untrustworthy intermediaries, their legal representatives, principal responsible persons and employees who are directly responsible for untrustworthy behavior, market and industry ban measures will be jointly implemented.

　　Tianjin University Beiyang Power Team participated in the Formula Car Competition for Chinese College Students. Photo courtesy of Tianjin University

　　If you ask a candidate who has just finished the college entrance examination, what is "machinery"? Perhaps the answers will be "gear", "lathe in the factory" and "robot", and at the same time, we should think of the impressions of "wide application" and "everywhere in production and life".

　　Before learning machinery, Zhuang Zheming’s concept of machinery came from the cartoon "Transformers" he saw when he was a child. He chose the major of mechanical design, manufacturing and automation in the School of Mechanical Engineering of Tianjin University with a vision for robots. He graduated this year and fulfilled his dream of "robot" with a graduation design work of "snake robot". This work also won him the first prize in the 13th Graduation Design Competition.

　　Let the students who have just entered the school gate and are still a little ignorant about the concept of mechanical discipline know more about the connotation of machinery when they leave the school gate, and plant a seed of "big machinery" that is "new and new" through "professional blending and advantage integration", and have the ability and experience of innovation and entrepreneurship, which is the concept and practice of "3 integration and 4 behavior" talent training exploration in the School of Mechanical Engineering of Tianjin University.

　　"Three-in-one and four-in-one" means to further emphasize and attach importance to the cultivation of compound and innovative talents on the basis of the traditional training objectives of knowledge, ability and quality, put forward the reform concept of integration, sharing and innovation, construct the "three-in-one" guarantee system of professional integration, resource integration and teacher integration, and explore the "four-in-one" training mode with team as the body, scientific research as the source, innovation as the foundation and entrepreneurship as the purpose.

　　The dilemma of "3A College"

　　In Tianjin University, as a discipline established at the beginning of the school in 1895, machinery is an "old discipline" of the same age as the school. In the view of Wang Tianyou, president of the School of Mechanical Engineering, the development history of mechanical discipline in modern China has always stood at the forefront of history, but compared with a hundred years ago, "machinery" has undergone earth-shaking changes from the outside to the inside.

　　The three first-level disciplines of the School of Mechanical Engineering of Tianjin University: mechanical engineering, mechanics and power engineering and engineering thermophysics, were all rated as "A" in the fourth round of national discipline evaluation, so the School of Mechanical Engineering is also called "3A College" of Tianjin University. The college has four undergraduate majors: mechanical design, manufacturing and automation, engineering mechanics, energy and power engineering and industrial design. Each major has a unique historical advantage and a strong disciplinary advantage. "Just like the four brothers in a big family, they are all wonderful and all ‘ Take care of each other ’ Live happily. Daily teaching and student defense, including teachers, are very independent. " Talking about the situation of three disciplines in the college more than ten years ago, Cao Shuqian, vice president of the college in charge of teaching, said that this has caused some problems in student training, the most obvious of which is that students’ knowledge and ability are single, and their ability to cross and cross borders is not strong; The superior teaching resources are scattered, and the students’ innovation platform is poorly shared. However, due to the prevailing atmosphere of emphasizing scientific research over teaching in domestic universities at that time, teachers’ investment in teaching was relatively insufficient and they lacked initiative in teaching reform.

　　At that time, the speed of knowledge updating and interdisciplinary research in the international scope was accelerating, the coverage of major in mechanical engineering was getting wider and wider, and the development of new economy and new industry was changing with each passing day. There was an urgent need for compound and innovative engineering talents with cross-border and innovative ability. Obviously, the compartmentalized education and teaching organization model can’t meet the requirements of talent training.

　　Tear off the "label"

　　On the one hand, under the baton of scores, students’ enthusiasm for participating in innovative and entrepreneurial projects is not fully encouraged; On the other hand, the habitual identity consciousness of "you are mechanical", "I am dynamic" and "he is mechanical" has become an invisible "label" attached to teachers’ hearts, and teachers’ motivation for interdisciplinary teaching to cultivate talents is not recognized.

　　In order for teachers to devote more energy to undergraduate teaching and students to devote more energy to innovation, it is necessary to change the meaning of grades and tear off the inherent identity "label" in teachers’ hearts.

　　"The first thing to change is the meaning of the score." Cao Shuqian said that when there were only 2 credits in innovative courses at that time, the college increased the weight of scientific and technological innovation in students’ total scores, so that students’ scores were not only the exam results of the courses, whether in the evaluation of Excellence or in the insurance research. For example, the College issued the Implementation Measures of School of Mechanical Engineering of Tianjin University to Encourage Students to Participate in Extracurricular Science and Technology Competition (Trial), which clearly stipulates that undergraduates who won the top three awards in Class A projects during their studies (the weighted scores in the first three years were in the top 60% of their majors), undergraduates who won the top two awards in Class B projects and special group projects in Class C will be given extra points on the basis of the average weighting of students when they are exempted from graduate students. Award-winning for different projects can be accumulated separately. At the same time, the determination of the workload of competition instructors and the recognition and reward of competition award-winning instructors (coaching staff) have also been clearly defined.

　　"All courses are open and teachers are open. Which course do you want to talk about, after passing a series of processes such as training, assessment, class assistance, collective lesson preparation and trial class, you can join the teaching team of the course and walk onto the podium. " Cao Shuqian said, teachers of public courses in disciplines get through, teachers of cross-disciplines in colleges get through, and the professional/disciplinary boundaries are broken … … At the beginning of the reform, the college has set up 17 teaching teams, 35 responsible posts and backbone posts, and teaching posts in several disciplines. Teachers’ performance and promotion are directly linked to teaching. This kind of teacher team integration and curriculum integration, on the one hand, has realized the adjustment and optimization of teaching teachers according to students’ needs, on the other hand, has promoted teachers’ investment in teaching, guaranteed the construction of important teaching projects, and improved the teaching effect as a whole.

　　Blend and create new things.

　　The team of teachers in the college has been opened, and the problem of sharing teaching resources and innovation platforms has been solved. The scattered 19 teaching laboratories were integrated into 4 experimental teaching centers, of which 3 were approved as national experimental teaching demonstration centers; Establish two national engineering education practice centers; Six national excellent courses and resource sharing courses have been built, and a group of innovation and entrepreneurship platforms has been built. The integration of platform and resources provides students with a broader platform for innovation and entrepreneurship, and also allows students to feel the struggle of youth in the initial experience of innovation and entrepreneurship and find the future direction.

　　Liu Songtao, the founder of Chenxing (Tianjin) Automation Equipment Co., Ltd., founded Astro Boy, a high-end parallel robot brand, after studying in the School of Mechanical Engineering of Tianjin University for 7 years, and won the gold medal in the final of the 4th China "internet plus" University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition. Looking back on his own road of innovation and entrepreneurship, Liu Songtao believes that the experience of participating in the "Beiyang Power" team as an undergraduate made him experience the process of "entrepreneurship" for the first time. When he entered the laboratory in his junior year, he cooperated with his classmates to complete the research and development of a prototype of a new four-degree-of-freedom parallel robot product and won the first prize in the graduation design competition, which encouraged him to embark on the road of innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　Compared with the seniors, Zhuang Zheming, who won the first prize in the graduation design competition this year, has the same rich experience in innovation and entrepreneurship: IEEE China Robot Design Competition, National Mobile Internet Innovation Competition (University Group), First Prize of National Renewable Energy Science and Technology Competition for College Students and National Youth Environmental Protection Competition & HELIP; … For Zhuang Zheming, the process of participating in the innovation and entrepreneurship competition is a process of teamwork, continuous learning and self-enrichment.

　　"4 for" promising

　　"Students’ bi-design comes from scientific research, innovation (college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship training program) comes from scientific research, competition comes from scientific research, students’ cross-disciplinary team cooperation and teachers’ cross-disciplinary guidance run through the whole process of students’ innovative training, and students’ innovative thinking and ability as well as their ability to solve complex engineering problems are fully exercised." In Wang Tianyou’s view, the "four-for-one" training mode with team as the body, scientific research as the source, innovation as the foundation and entrepreneurship as the purpose provides an effective path for the training of compound and innovative talents of traditional engineering majors.

　　Today, as the first mechanical undergraduate graduation design competition in China, it has been held for 13 consecutive sessions, expanding from the original college to 14 universities in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and Central and East China. The entries involved more than 10 major mechanical engineering majors, including mechanical design and manufacturing and automation, industrial design, energy and power engineering, engineering mechanics, process equipment and control engineering, and thousands of students participated.

　　All students realize the cultivation of basic innovation by participating in teachers’ scientific research projects and carrying out graduation projects; Teachers extract innovation projects and discipline competitions from scientific research projects, and more than half of the students realize the promotion and innovation training by participating in innovation and competition projects; Some students extract entrepreneurial projects from big innovation and competition projects to create technology companies. Student innovation projects have increased from 37 in 2012 to more than 100 projects every year; Students independently set up scientific and technological entrepreneurial teams from scratch, and now there are 14 and 12 registered scientific and technological companies.

　　In the eyes of teachers and students, the training mode of "three in one and four in one" promotes the ability and level, and it is also the enthusiasm and passion for continuous innovation and entrepreneurship, which is the fashion password of century-old machinery. (Correspondent Liu Xiaoyan)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 7th Question: What are the bottlenecks for new energy vehicles to enter the rural market?

　　Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Huang Xing and Xiang Dingjie

　　"It is very cost-effective to buy new energy vehicles now, and it is tens of thousands of yuan cheaper to count various preferential policies. The car is very environmentally friendly, its endurance performance is good, and it is economical and affordable. " Recently, Cao Fuping, a villager from Guang Shun Town, Changshun County, Guizhou Province, bought a Geely Galaxy L7.

　　A survey by Xinhua Viewpoint reporter found that with the help of policies, new energy vehicles are accelerating their entry into the rural market. However, there are still some problems in some areas, such as incomplete charging pile facilities and the need to improve vehicle adaptability. It is still necessary to speed up the construction of charging facilities, enrich rural vehicles and improve support policies to help new energy vehicles go to the countryside.

　　New energy vehicles speed up their drive to the rural market.

　　Walking in many rural areas, from time to time, you can see new energy vehicles with green cards whizzing by.

　　Walking into the charging station of Fuhuan Town, Qijiang District, Chongqing, the owner Liu Gang is charging his polar fox car. Last year, Liu Gang spent more than 220,000 yuan to buy this car. "It only takes more than an hour to charge 80% of the electricity, and it costs less than 1 yuan’s money for every 1 kilowatt hour, which is convenient and affordable. The driving experience of electric cars is also great. " Liu Gang said.

　　The picture shows the owner charging the car at the charging station in Fuhuan Town, Qijiang District. (photo by Yan Jiangkui)

　　Ye Peng, deputy general manager of State Grid Chongqing Qijiang Power Supply Company, told the reporter that in 2022, the company invested 300,000 yuan to build a charging station in Fuhuan Town; After the charging station was put into operation, the number of new energy vehicles in the town has gradually increased to more than 40, and many villagers continue to buy new energy vehicles.

　　In recent years, a series of policies have been introduced to encourage new energy vehicles to go to the countryside. In July 2020, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Commerce jointly issued a notice requesting the organization of new energy vehicles to go to the countryside. In June this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other ministries and commissions launched the activity of new energy vehicles going to the countryside in 2023, which will last until December this year, with a total of 69 new energy vehicle models participating.

　　Xie Guang, senior director of the strategic planning department of Changan Automobile, said that seven cars of Changan Automobile were selected for this year’s catalogue of new energy vehicles going to the countryside. In order to increase sales, the company introduced a number of preferential policies, such as the best-selling model Benben E-Star giving a discount of 12,000 yuan, while the other model directly dropped 30,000 yuan and then sent the "Three Electricity" (motor, battery and electronic control) lifetime warranty.

　　The accelerated improvement of the charging infrastructure has also helped pave the way for new energy vehicles to "go to the countryside". The data shows that in 2020, the number of individual charging piles in Qijiang District of Chongqing was only 24, and the number of new charging piles in 2022 has reached 515, reaching 586 this year. 86% of townships in Guizhou have built charging facilities, and Chongqing is expected to achieve full coverage of all township charging facilities by 2025.

　　According to the data released by China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, the sales volume of new energy vehicles going to the countryside increased by 80%, 169% and 87% respectively in 2020, 2021 and 2022, driving the cumulative sales of new energy vehicles going to the countryside to more than 4.1 million. The industry expects that the sales volume of new energy vehicles to the countryside will continue to climb this year.

　　Popularization still needs to go through three hurdles

　　Although the sales of new energy vehicles in rural areas continue to increase, the penetration rate in rural areas is still low. According to the data of the National Passenger Car Market Information Association, in March this year, the penetration rate of pure electric passenger cars in counties and townships was 16%, and the penetration rate of plug-in passenger cars in counties and townships was 8%.

　　The industry believes that there are still many problems to be solved before new energy vehicles can enter the "fast lane" in the countryside.

　　— — Charging facilities need to be further improved. The reporter learned that the current rural new energy vehicle market is still in the initial stage of popularization, and the construction of charging facilities in rural areas is still lagging behind. There are problems in the construction of charging piles, such as low social investment willingness, difficult profitability and difficult equipment maintenance.

　　"There are too few charging piles and they are often found everywhere." A new energy owner in Longshan Town, Longli County, Guizhou Province said that local public charging piles are often unavailable, and it is common to run for 10 to 20 kilometers for charging. Zhang Le, a resident of a township in Chongqing, told reporters that he once wanted to start with a new energy vehicle, but he finally chose a fuel vehicle because he was worried that it was inconvenient to charge.

　　— — Models and prices should be more suitable for the needs of rural consumers. Rural residents are more sensitive to price, and quite a few people tend to buy new energy vehicles below 70,000 yuan. Every year, cars go to the countryside mainly in small cars and mini-cars.

　　Some rural residents prefer cheap old scooters. Wang Ping, the branch secretary of Haimakong Village, xiuwen county, Guizhou Province, said that almost every household in the village has an old scooter. "Although the old scooter has potential safety hazards, it is really cheap and has a low threshold for use."

　　According to the car salesmen interviewed, some micro new energy vehicles are selling well, but at present, there are few new energy vehicles that can take into account the use scenarios such as rural cargo pulling and agricultural production.

　　— — The sales service system needs to be further improved. The reporter learned that the traditional fuel vehicle dealer system is deeply rooted, and there are generally 4S stores or dealer channels in the county. However, new energy vehicles often adopt online booking and new direct sales mode, and the dealer system of car enterprises in the county is not perfect, which leads to the underdevelopment of new energy vehicle finance, insurance, used cars, after-sales and maintenance.

　　Take multiple measures to unblock the "blocking point"

　　Industry experts believe that compared with cities, the rural new energy vehicle market will still be a blue ocean. According to the Study on Electric Vehicle Travel in Rural Areas of China published by China Electric Vehicle committee of 100, it is estimated that by 2030, there will be nearly 160 vehicles with 1,000 people in rural areas of China, with a total ownership of over 70 million vehicles, and the market scale may reach 500 billion yuan.

　　Xu Haidong, deputy chief engineer of China Automobile Industry Association, suggested that efforts should be made to improve public charging facilities, enrich rural vehicles and support policies, and accelerate the assistance of new energy vehicles to the countryside.

　　First of all, focus on building public charging facilities. The relevant person in charge of State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company suggested that public charging facilities should be given priority in counties, townships, enterprises and institutions, commercial buildings, transportation hubs and other places, and at the same time, the existing rural residential communities should be accelerated to carry out the transformation of charging facilities construction conditions according to local conditions, and the requirements for charging infrastructure construction in new residential communities should be implemented.

　　The first integrated photovoltaic charging station in Chongqing, which was completed and put into use on June 16, 2022 (photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Yushe

　　"Rural areas are mostly ‘ One household and one hospital ’ The living form can be actively explored ‘ Photovoltaic+energy storage+automobile charging ’ Integrated charging mode. " Xie Guang said. The reporter found that at present, the model has been implemented in scenes such as expressway service areas, but it is rarely used in rural residents’ homes.

　　Secondly, we should speed up the supply of products to the countryside. Xu Haidong suggested that new energy vehicle companies should be encouraged to develop more economical, practical and marketable vehicles according to the characteristics of consumers in rural areas, especially products such as micro-trucks, micro-trucks and light trucks. In view of the fact that rural consumers have low requirements for cruising range, the number of batteries can be reduced to reduce the cost and price.

　　In addition, it is necessary to guide new energy vehicle companies to sink their sales and service networks. Lin Yun, an associate professor of Chongqing University, and others suggested that car companies and third-party service enterprises should be guided to speed up the construction of joint business outlets in rural areas, establish a supporting after-sales service system, regularly carry out after-sales service activities in the countryside, and provide emergency rescue services.

　　One department begins history, half of Beijing. Shoukai Co., Ltd., which is known as "the first brother of Beijing real estate enterprises", relies on flat and efficient management, pays close attention to the destocking of stock houses, strictly controls sales and capital costs, strives to overcome the influence of multiple unfavorable factors such as sluggish sales, and gradually realizes high-quality transformation and development.

　　Recently, Yan Li, Chairman of the First Capital Corporation, accepted an exclusive interview with a reporter from china securities journal. Yan Li has special enthusiasm and expectation for the current restoration and healthy development of the industry. He believes that a series of policies have released positive signals, and the market has begun to recover, opening up new growth space for high-quality housing enterprises. In 2023, the industry can stabilize. The previous model of "high leverage, high debt and high turnover" in the real estate industry will not come back.

　　● Our reporter Zhang Chaohui Dong Tian

　　steady

　　The first shares have always had the reputation of "the first brother of real estate enterprises in Beijing". Apart from the main real estate business, the business of the first shares involves urban renewal, pension real estate, long-term rental apartments and other fields, and penetrates into all aspects of Beijing’s urban development.

　　In recent years, the First Capital Co., Ltd. has diversified its business, carried out extensive cooperation with large-scale housing enterprises, universities and financial institutions, made flat and efficient management, paid close attention to the removal of stock houses, strictly controlled sales and capital costs, overcome the influence of unfavorable factors in the counter-cyclical environment of the industry, and gradually realized high-quality transformation and development.

　　"In the past two years, in order to adapt to market changes, the company has actively adjusted its organizational structure and improved its management efficiency. Through the adjustment of organizational structure, we further strengthened the development and management of the project, deepened and clarified the business objectives, strengthened the control of operation nodes, strictly controlled the project risks, established an early warning mechanism, and persisted in preventing risks. " Yan Li told reporters.

　　As a state-owned real estate company, under the steady leadership of Yan Li, First Capital Co., Ltd. improved the overall financing situation by expanding channels, improving structure and reducing costs, and made efforts to "downgrade". Yan Li said that the group company provided some short-term financial support to the joint-stock company, and the interest rate was relatively low, with the balance exceeding 4 billion yuan. The company initiated the establishment of a special fund for shed reform with financial institutions, raising a scale of 10 billion. In addition, the First Capital Co., Ltd. actively promoted the long-term rental of apartments, "business-run to rent" and docking with financial institutions to obtain financial and financial service support.

　　In terms of foreign cooperation, the First Capital Co., Ltd. has carried out effective cooperation with real estate enterprises such as Jinmao, China Shipping, Vanke, Longhu and Poly. In addition, the company has accumulated rich experience in government-enterprise cooperation, bank-enterprise cooperation and school-enterprise cooperation.

　　Li Yan summed up the high-quality development of the first shares with "two chases, one to keep in mind": keeping up with the national strategy, keeping up with the high-quality development, and keeping in mind the social responsibility of state-owned enterprises.

　　Yan Li said that when arranging this year’s work, the First Capital Co., Ltd. repeatedly stressed the need to deeply and comprehensively understand the spirit of the central government, and make targeted work arrangements, focusing on "products adapt to improve demand, enterprises reduce leverage, reduce liabilities, increase equity and increase cash" to carry out specific work. As always, we will undertake the construction of major national projects and strengthen people’s livelihood security. At the same time, further strengthen the development management of the project, strictly control the project risks, and establish an early warning mechanism. Ensure the smooth financing channels, strengthen the fine management of funds, and strictly control the cost of new financing.

　　Gain momentum

　　Recently, favorable policies for the real estate industry have been intensively introduced, and the attention of the outside world to the real estate industry has never been higher.

　　In Yan Li’s view, since September 2022, the "16 financial articles", the "three arrows" of credit, bonds and equity financing have been issued together, and overseas financing has resumed, which has provided great support to high-quality housing enterprises. In particular, the resumption of mergers and acquisitions of housing enterprises and the refinancing of listed housing enterprises after six years has opened up new growth space for high-quality housing enterprises.

　　The policy has pointed out the direction for the high-quality development of the industry. "These policies are of great significance in the historical coordinates of industry development. The real estate industry has ushered in a new stage of development. The first shares will grasp the policy requirements and market demand, and promote the healthy development of the industry with high quality. " Yan Li said.

　　"The real estate industry has climbed over the hill, gradually restored confidence and developed in a good direction. With the continuation of the positive effects of the policy, the backlog of housing demand in previous years is expected to be released one after another. The industry ushered in a positive trend, and the pace of market recovery accelerated. Deterministic factors have gradually strengthened the foundation for stabilization, and the industry’s stabilization in 2023 is worth looking forward to. " Yan Li said.

　　Yan Li believes that the continuous release of favorable policies is an important support for the market to regain confidence. At present, the market has shown signs of recovery. Yan Li, for example, said that according to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on the changes in the sales price of commercial housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities in January, the price of new houses stopped falling for the first time. The second-hand housing market, which can best reflect the real supply and demand situation of the market, also shows signs of recovery.

　　"With the introduction of policies, we believe that the painful period has passed. The combination of real estate regulation and control policies in recent years is very targeted. What we need to solve is the "three highs" situation of "high leverage, high debt and high turnover" in the real estate industry, so that enterprises and industries can gradually return to a healthy, rational and scientific development state. After this round of adjustment, few real estate enterprises will think that the industry will retaliate and rebound, and then there will be bad phenomena such as land speculation, real estate speculation, high debt and high turnover. " Yan Li told reporters.

　　Yan Li believes that coordinating the relationship between real estate development and safety and promoting the high-quality and healthy development of the real estate industry will better play the pillar role of the real estate industry in stabilizing the economy and protecting people’s livelihood; At the same time, guiding the balance sheet of high-quality housing enterprises to return to a safe range, focusing on the main business operation and promoting the smooth transition of the industry to a high-quality development model will be the theme of high-quality development of the industry in the future.

　　promote

　　"2022 is a year in which the real estate industry has been baptized, and the performance of real estate companies that have released performance forecasts is generally unsatisfactory. Factors such as the reduction of project carry-over profits and the provision for asset impairment are common problems faced by everyone. " Yan Li said that as a listed company with a deep layout of the real estate sector, the First Capital Co., Ltd. also had to face the grim situation prevailing in the industry in the past year. First Capital Co., Ltd. has achieved positive results in implementing the theme of "management creates efficiency" and focusing on the goal of "breaking through the bottleneck of efficiency and tapping the profit space", keeping the safety bottom line and laying a solid foundation for the company’s subsequent high-quality development.

　　Yan Li said that in 2022, the First Capital Company acquired three plots in Beijing. Under the guidance of the policy, the two new land projects of the First Capital Co., Ltd. have achieved a speed of only three months from land acquisition to opening, which is six months shorter than in the past. The third land parcel project obtained at the end of 2022 is expected to open in the first quarter of 2023, and the speed of entering the market has improved.

　　"It can be said that last year’s investment we stepped on the right time and got the right good project. In 2023, the first opening still insists on the effective improvement of quality in terms of investment, which will play a positive role in maintaining the leading position in the Beijing track for the first opening in the future. " Yan Li told reporters.

　　It is worth mentioning that compared with companies in the same industry, the sales ranking of the first shares in real estate enterprises in 2022 has improved. "The development of the company is like sailing against the current. If you don’t advance, you will retreat. Through unremitting efforts, the ranking of the first shares has been promoted against the market, and it has entered the current policy dividend period safely. In the future, the company will continue to stand firm in the Beijing market and maintain its dominant position in the Beijing market. " Yan Li said.

　　Regarding the future performance forecast of the industry, Yan Li told reporters: "With the follow-up to the principle of high-quality development, the market will recover steadily in 2023. Of course, there is inertia in project carry-over, and the performance of housing enterprises may still remain low and sideways in the short term. In the future, after the risks of housing enterprises are cleared and the confidence of the industry is restored, the market will enter a virtuous circle, and the performance of housing enterprises will improve. In addition, the future development of the industry will be diversified, and commercial housing development, long-term rent, urban renewal and pension real estate will all be the main forces to enrich the development of the industry structure. Whether it is development business or diversified business, the real estate industry is expected to usher in new development opportunities. "

　　"For housing enterprises, it is necessary to improve the quality of assets in hand at this time, prudently manage the level of leverage, and seize the opportunity to increase the concentration of the industry, so as to cross the cycle and usher in new development opportunities. High-quality housing enterprises are expected to take the lead in entering a virtuous circle in terms of sales recovery, land acquisition intensity, financing scale and profit improvement. " Yan Li said.